There are four types of plasmodium parasites are able to infect humans, but which is often encountered in cases of malaria are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Others are Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae.
• Signs and Symptoms of malariaThe period of bud / incubation of this disease can be several days to several months later appeared before the signs and symptoms complained of by patients such as fever, chills, rheumatic pain or joint pain, sometimes up to vomiting, pale / anemis, enlarged liver and spleen, urine appears cloudy / thick because they contain hemoglobin (Hemoglobinuria), tingling of the skin and had cramps.
However, it is revealed classic signs of feeling a sudden chill, followed by rigor and then fever and sweating emergence after 4 to 6 hours later, this takes place every two days. Among this period, patients may feel healthy as before. At the age of the children malaria attacks can cause strange symptoms, such as showing the movement / posture
as a result of abnormal brain cavity pressure. Even more serious, can cause brain damage.
• Classification of Disease Manifestation of MalariaThere are several forms of malaria disease manifestations, among others:- Tertian malaria, caused by Plasmodium vivax, in which sufferers experience fever appears every third day.- Quartana Malaria, caused by Plasmodium malariae, the patient felt a fever every fourth day.- Cerebral malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, patients experience fever, accompanied by symptoms of irregular terserangnya parts of the brain, coma and even entered a phase of sudden death.- Pernicious Malaria, caused by Plasmodium vivax, the symptoms can arise very suddenly, like a stroke, coma accompanied by symptoms of severe malaria.
• Enforce Malaria DiagnosisWith the signs and symptoms complained of and seen by the health team, it will be soon conducted laboratory tests (especially blood tests) to determine the cause and diagnosis to be given to patients.
• Treatment of MalariaBased on the examination, either directly from the complaints that arise as well as more focused on results laboratium then the doctor will give you some medicine to patients. Among them is the administration of drugs to lower fever such as paracetamol, vitamins to boost the immune system as an effort to help the healing.
While the antimalarial drug Chloroquine is usually used, because the price is cheap and so far proven effective as a cure for malaria in the world. But there are some patients who are resistant to Chloroquine administration, then some doctors will give others like Artesunate-Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine antimalarial, artesunate-amodiaquine,-piperquine Artesunate, Artemether-lumefantrine, and Dihidroartemisinin-piperquine.
• Malaria PreventionPrevention of malaria can be done with the cleaning of mosquito nest, trying to avoid mosquito bites, or prevention by administering the drug Chloroquine when visiting malaria endemic areas.
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